With NIST finalizing post-quantum cryptography standards, chains are starting to move. Ethereum made PQ a top priority recently. Algorand has Falcon signatures working on mainnet but only as an opt-in through contract accounts, not default. Most other chains are still researching.

What I haven’t seen much discussion about is the cost. Current signatures (Ed25519, ECDSA) are 64-72 bytes. PQ replacements like Falcon are 1,538 bytes, Dilithium over 2,400 bytes. That’s 24-40x bigger per transaction, which means more block space, heavier verification, and higher fees across every chain.

How much of a fee increase is acceptable for quantum resistance? Should chains transition now while there’s no urgency or wait until quantum computing is an actual threat? Curious what people think.

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